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	<title>Carbon Trace</title>
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	<description>Getting Around on Two Wheels and Two Feet</description>
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	<itunes:summary>Getting Around on Two Wheels and Two Feet</itunes:summary>
	<itunes:keywords></itunes:keywords>
	<itunes:category text="Society &amp; Culture" />
	<itunes:author>Andrew R. Cline, Ph.D.</itunes:author>
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		<itunes:name>Andrew R. Cline, Ph.D.</itunes:name>
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		<item>
		<title>Problems and Opportunities</title>
		<link>http://isocrates.us/bike/2010/07/problems-and-opportunities/</link>
		<comments>http://isocrates.us/bike/2010/07/problems-and-opportunities/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 31 Jul 2010 13:57:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andy Cline</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[ecology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainability]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://isocrates.us/bike/?p=3178</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Feeling chipper today? On top of he world? Do you have a spring in your step and a song in your heart? Well, I&#8217;ve discovered the cure for that. It&#8217;s called The Long Emergency by James Howard Kunstler. Warning: Do not drink alcohol while reading this book. Also on my reading list this summer was [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Feeling chipper today? On top of he world? Do you have a spring in your step and a song in your heart?</p>
<p>Well, I&#8217;ve discovered the cure for that. It&#8217;s called <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Long-Emergency-Converging-Catastrophes-Twenty-First/dp/0802142494/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1280583231&amp;sr=1-1">The Long Emergency</a> by James Howard Kunstler. Warning: Do not drink alcohol while reading this book.</p>
<p>Also on my reading list this summer was Richard Florida&#8217;s <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Great-Reset-Working-Post-Crash-Prosperity/dp/0061937193/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;s=books&amp;qid=1280583170&amp;sr=8-1">The Great Reset</a>. The differences between these two books are much like the differences between problems and opportunities or between the glass being half full or broken on the floor &#8212; the liquid rapidly spreading in a sticky mess that fouls the kitchen, invites pests, and ruins your morning.</p>
<p>The Great Reset is about periods of upheaval &#8220;when new technologies and technological systems arise, when the economy is recast and society remade, and when the places where we live and work change to suit new needs.&#8221; It is essentially an optimistic book meant as something of a practical guide for understanding our epoch and how to thrive as things change.</p>
<p>The Long Emergency is about the same things only the upheaval is a downward spiral into civilization destroying deprivation caused by the end of cheap energy, i.e. oil.</p>
<p>Hmmmmmm&#8230;</p>
<p>One thing seems clear to me: We&#8217;re all going to be leading more local lives in the near future. Whether this is good or bad depends, in the short term, entirely upon our individual perceptions of what it means to downsize. For example, I am completely jazzed about my family&#8217;s active program of downsizing that will lead in the near future to a smaller home (perhaps in a multi-family building) in a denser urban environment. I know a lot of people for whom that sounds like Hell.</p>
<p>And the price of gas? I have no idea what it is right now.</p>

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<p class='technorati-tags'>Technorati Tags: <a class='technorati-link' href='http://technorati.com/tag/sustainability' rel='tag' target='_self'>sustainability</a></p>

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		<title>Crossing The Line</title>
		<link>http://isocrates.us/bike/2010/07/crossing-the-line/</link>
		<comments>http://isocrates.us/bike/2010/07/crossing-the-line/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 29 Jul 2010 12:20:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andy Cline</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[ecology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[policy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[car culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pedestrian safety]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[walking]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://isocrates.us/bike/?p=3174</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Thanks to a heads-up from James Baumgartner, author of Car-free in PVD, check out this Blueprint America Special Report called Crossing the Line: Watch the full episode. See more Need To Know. This is what happens when you design roads for cars instead of people. Also see the discussion at Commute Orlando. Technorati Tags: car culture, pedestrian [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks to a heads-up from James Baumgartner, author of <a href="http://carfreepvd.wordpress.com/">Car-free in PVD</a>, check out this Blueprint America Special Report called Crossing the Line:</p>
<p><object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" width="512" height="328" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0"><param name="flashvars" value="video=1550369887&amp;player=viral" /><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /><param name="wmode" value="transparent" /><param name="src" value="http://www-tc.pbs.org/video/media/swf/PBSPlayer.swf" /><param name="bgcolor" value="#000000" /><param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /><embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="512" height="328" src="http://www-tc.pbs.org/video/media/swf/PBSPlayer.swf" bgcolor="#000000" wmode="transparent" allowfullscreen="true" flashvars="video=1550369887&amp;player=viral"></embed></object></p>
<p style="font-size: 11px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: #808080; margin-top: 5px; background: transparent; text-align: center; width: 512px;">Watch the <a style="text-decoration: none !important; font-weight: normal !important; height: 13px; color: #4eb2fe !important;" href="http://video.pbs.org/video/1550369887" target="_blank">full episode</a>. See more <a style="text-decoration: none !important; font-weight: normal !important; height: 13px; color: #4eb2fe !important;" href="http://www.pbs.org/wnet/need-to-know/" target="_blank">Need To Know.</a></p>
<p>This is what happens when you design roads for cars instead of people.</p>
<p>Also see the <a href="http://commuteorlando.com/wordpress/2010/07/26/pbs-dangerous-crossing/">discussion at Commute Orlando</a>.</p>

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<p class='technorati-tags'>Technorati Tags: <a class='technorati-link' href='http://technorati.com/tag/car+culture' rel='tag' target='_self'>car culture</a>, <a class='technorati-link' href='http://technorati.com/tag/pedestrian+safety' rel='tag' target='_self'>pedestrian safety</a>, <a class='technorati-link' href='http://technorati.com/tag/walking' rel='tag' target='_self'>walking</a></p>

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		<item>
		<title>(Ir)Rational Choice On The Road</title>
		<link>http://isocrates.us/bike/2010/07/irrational-choice-on-the-road/</link>
		<comments>http://isocrates.us/bike/2010/07/irrational-choice-on-the-road/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 27 Jul 2010 17:29:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andy Cline</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[ecology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[policy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[crazy drivers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cycling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[traffic design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transportation]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://isocrates.us/bike/?p=3165</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Rational Choice Theory is a useful idea as long as we don&#8217;t get too hung up on the word &#8220;rational.&#8221; Rational choice theorists use a slightly different concept that claims individuals seem to balance costs against benefits (the &#8220;rational&#8221; part) in order to make choices that maximize personal gain. The problem with this idea is that [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational_choice_theory">Rational Choice Theory</a> is a useful idea as long as we don&#8217;t get too hung up on the word &#8220;rational.&#8221; Rational choice theorists use a slightly different concept that claims individuals seem to balance costs against benefits (the &#8220;rational&#8221; part) in order to make choices that maximize personal gain. The problem with this idea is that there&#8217;s a lot of human noise in the system.</p>
<p>For example, consider this joke:</p>
<p>Q: What&#8217;s a redneck&#8217;s last words?</p>
<p>A: &#8220;Watch this!&#8221;</p>
<p>And, obviously, we imagine something having to do with large amounts of beer, pickup trucks, and stunts &#8212; perhaps involving deep ditches or steep hills.</p>
<p>In order for the joke to be funny, people of the sort we call rednecks must make certain choices we might call irrational (and associate with rednecks) that lead to certain outcomes that we might find hysterically funny but not what the redneck intended. One merely has to <a href="http://failblog.org/">spend a few minutes on this web site</a> to be cured of the idea that rational choice is a smoothly-operating human behavior.</p>
<p>For example:</p>
<p><object id="ordie_player_3865dc26e7" classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" width="480" height="400" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0"><param name="flashvars" value="key=3865dc26e7" /><param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always" /><param name="src" value="http://player.ordienetworks.com/flash/fodplayer.swf" /><param name="name" value="ordie_player_3865dc26e7" /><param name="quality" value="high" /><embed id="ordie_player_3865dc26e7" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="480" height="400" src="http://player.ordienetworks.com/flash/fodplayer.swf" quality="high" name="ordie_player_3865dc26e7" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" flashvars="key=3865dc26e7"></embed></object></p>
<div style="text-align: left; font-size: x-small; margin-top: 0; width: 480px;"><a title="from failblog" href="http://www.funnyordie.com/videos/3865dc26e7/liar-liar-pants-on-fail">Liar, Liar, Pants on FAIL</a> &#8211; watch more <a title="on Funny or Die" href="http://www.funnyordie.com/">funny videos</a></div>
<p>OK, it&#8217;s time to get at the point of this post which is to highlight this article from InTransition magazine: <a href="http://www.intransitionmag.org/Spring-Summer_2010/behavioral_economics_and_transportation.aspx">Travelers Behaving Badly: Behavioral Economics Offers Insights and Strategies for Improving Transportation</a>. The upshot: People make all kinds of awful decisions while driving, and these awful decision are <strong><em>predictable</em></strong>. So much for the &#8220;rational&#8221; (conventional understanding) in rational choice.</p>
<p>This part is scary:</p>
<blockquote><p>One set of experiments finds that we are irrationally optimistic about our abilities in many situations. Asked to predict their grades in a class at the beginning of the semester, students invariably overrate their performance, with the class skewed towards high achievers. Similarly most drivers in repeated studies rate their skills as better than average (sometimes referred to as the “Lake Woebegone Effect,” after radio personality Garrison Keillor’s fictional hometown “where all the children are above average”).</p>
<p>This can plausibly account for much of the risky and boneheaded behavior on roadways—for instance driving while talking on a cell phone. Drivers think they can beat the odds.  They feel, “It’s the other person’s behavior that needs to be controlled, not mine,” Tom Vanderbilt noted in his bestselling book <em>Traffic</em>.</p></blockquote>
<p><a href="http://isocrates.us/bike/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/pavement_triangles.jpg"><img class="alignleft size-full wp-image-3166" title="Fake Speed Bumps" src="http://isocrates.us/bike/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/pavement_triangles.jpg" alt="" width="200" height="133" /></a>The article talks about the concept of &#8220;nudges&#8221; as a way to alter behavior. This photo of traffic decals is a good example of a nudge that works on the level of &#8220;automatic behavior.&#8221; The 3-D representation sure looks like these things are popping out of the road. I would slow down.</p>
<p>This is fascinating:</p>
<blockquote><p>The approach is called “libertarian paternalism”—using nudges to guide people to make better choices, while still leaving them free to decide on their own, even to make bad choices. Balz said “one of the key pieces is retaining the libertarian side”—that is, providing “an easy option for someone to go another route” if they want.</p></blockquote>
<p>Heaven forbid the nanny state should tell us how to drive and properly penalize us when we don&#8217;t. Our freedom (irresponsibly understood and practiced) is easily worth 40,000 lives per year, baby!</p>

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		<item>
		<title>We&#8217;re On Our Own, Part 2</title>
		<link>http://isocrates.us/bike/2010/07/were-on-our-own-part-2/</link>
		<comments>http://isocrates.us/bike/2010/07/were-on-our-own-part-2/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 25 Jul 2010 15:39:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andy Cline</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[advocacy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ecology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[news]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[policy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bicycle advocacy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bicycle culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bicycle politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cycling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[green transportation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainability]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://isocrates.us/bike/?p=3160</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Last year I wrote about the role riding a bicycle can play in helping us stay healthy. I don&#8217;t ride for sport, so I usually don&#8217;t work up much of a sweat. But even pedaling at modest speeds is excellent exercise that pays big health dividends. Given the state of our health care system and its [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Last year I wrote about the <a href="http://isocrates.us/bike/2009/07/were-on-our-own/">role riding a bicycle can play in helping us stay healthy</a>. I don&#8217;t ride for sport, so I usually don&#8217;t work up much of a sweat. But even pedaling at modest speeds is excellent exercise that pays big health dividends. Given the state of our health care system and its outrageous costs compared to other industrialized countries, we&#8217;re really on our own. You want a healthy old age? Start taking care of yourself now.</p>
<p>With the news that the government has <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/25/opinion/25friedman.html?_r=1&amp;ref=thomaslfriedman">failed to produce an energy/climate bill</a>, it appears we the people are on our own once again. If we are to break our addiction to oil and mitigate the damage we are doing to our environment, then as individuals and families we are going to have to make the kinds of choices that may help us prosper as oil runs out and the earth&#8217;s climate changes.</p>
<p>Once again, the bicycle is a wondrous invention that can help.</p>
<p>(Actually, the whole &#8220;on our own&#8221; thing doesn&#8217;t really work. In a democratic republic such as ours, the government <em><strong>is us</strong></em>. We don&#8217;t have a climate/energy bill in large part because we failed to demand it.)</p>
<p>It is clear to me, even without hard data, that more people in Springfield are riding bicycles for all kinds of reasons. My hope is that new riders come to learn these things quickly:</p>
<ol>
<li>Springfield&#8217;s urban core is a great place to ride a bicycle.</li>
<li>Riding a bicycle is safe, fun, convenient, healthy, and economical .</li>
<li>Using a bicycle as basic transportation here is very easy if one is not stuck in some hell-and-gone, car-centric, sprawling suburb.</li>
</ol>

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		<item>
		<title>STAR Team Items for July</title>
		<link>http://isocrates.us/bike/2010/07/star-team-items-for-july/</link>
		<comments>http://isocrates.us/bike/2010/07/star-team-items-for-july/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 22 Jul 2010 17:34:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andy Cline</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[advocacy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[news]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[policy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bicycle advocacy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bicycle politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[complete streets]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cycling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Transportation Planning]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://isocrates.us/bike/?p=3158</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Just a few news items from the STAR Team meeting yesterday: If you like to race bicycles, or watch people race bicycles, you&#8217;ll enjoy the St. John&#8217;s Powerful Medicine Criterium on Sunday 25 July at 101 E. Commercial St. For more information, see StJohnsCycling.com. The third iteration of the Bicycle Friendly Springfield petition is available for your signature now. This year&#8217;s [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Just a few news items from the STAR Team meeting yesterday:</p>
<ul>
<li>If you like to race bicycles, or watch people race bicycles, you&#8217;ll enjoy the St. John&#8217;s Powerful Medicine Criterium on Sunday 25 July at 101 E. Commercial St. For more information, see <a href="http://www.stjohnscycling.com/main.php">StJohnsCycling.com</a>.</li>
<li>The third iteration of the Bicycle Friendly Springfield petition is available for your signature now. This year&#8217;s petition is <span style="color: #008000;">green</span>. So if you have not signed the <span style="color: #008000;">green</span> petition, please stop what you&#8217;re doing and head to your nearest Springfield bicycle shop now.</li>
<li>The transportation committee for the new city strategic plan has finished its initial work and submitted its report to the city manager. Complete Streets concepts play a large role in the current plan. Stay tuned for more details as the planning process moves into phase two.</li>
</ul>

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